Prevalence and risk factors of hypertension in the Nicaraguan population.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5377/universitas.v14i1.16492Keywords:
Hypertension, prevalence, risk factors, low- and middle-income countries, Nicaragua.Abstract
Introduction High blood pressure is a chronic disease that is increasing in the world and constitutes a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and significantly increases the costs for health systems in low-income countries. A great opportunity that Nicaragua has is the strength of the organization of health services, materialized in the family and community health care model (MOSAFC) of Nicaragua, which allows the linking of the country's institutions in the resolution of health problems and these data generated in this study will contribute to the strengthening of country policies for the care, control and prevention of non-communicable diseases such as arterial hypertension that increase morbidity and mortality caused by cardiovascular diseases. Objective To determine the prevalence and associated factors of arterial hypertension in ≥ 20 years in nine urban departmental capitals of Nicaragua. Design and method A cross-sectional design was carried out with a nested case-control analysis. The data were obtained from a population survey that randomly selected 3150 participants, using multistage probabilistic sampling in nine urban departmental capitals of Nicaragua. Cases were individuals with high blood pressure (Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) ≥ 140 mm Hg and/or Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP) ≥ 90 mm Hg), or 2) Participants using antihypertensives, previously diagnosed as hypertensive, even though normal blood pressure was recorded. Controls were chosen using the random number table taking three controls at random, but with normal blood pressure.
Downloads
References
Al Ghorani, H., Götzinger, F., Böhm, M., & Mahfoud, F. (2022). Arterial hypertension - Clinical trials update 2021. In Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases (Vol. 32, Issue 1, pp. 21-31). Elsevier B.V. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2021.09.007
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2021.09.007
Carey, R. M., Moran, A. E., & Whelton, P. K. (2022). Treatment of Hypertension: A Review. In JAMA (Vol. 328, Issue 18, pp. 1849- 1861). American Medical Association. https://doi.org/10.1001/ jama.2022.19590
https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2022.19590
Casadei, K., & Kiel, J. (2021). Anthropometric Measurement. In StatPearls. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30726000
Commodore-Mensah, Y., Samuel, L. J., Dennison-Himmelfarb, C. R., & Agyemang, C. (2014). Hypertension and overweight/obesity in Ghanaians and Nigerians living in West Africa and industrialized countries: A systematic review. In Journal of Hypertension (Vol. 32, Issue 3, pp. 464-472). Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. https://doi. org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000000061
https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000000061
Dieterle, T. (2012). Blood pressure measurement-an overview. Swiss Med Wkly, 142, 1-9. www.dableducational.org,
https://doi.org/10.4414/smw.2012.13517
Doyle A E. (1992). Hypertension and Vascular Disease. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, 19(5), S7-S10.
https://doi.org/10.1097/00005344-199206001-00002
Guo, J., Lv, J., Guo, Y., Bian, Z., Zheng, B., Wu, M., Yang, L., Chen, Y., Su, J., Zhang, J., Yao, J., Chen, J., Chen, Z., Yu, C., & Li, L. (2021). Association between blood pressure categories and cardiovascular disease mortality in China. PLoS ONE, 16(7 July). https://doi.org/10.1371/ journal.pone.0255373
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255373
Ho, H. T., Yeung, W. K. Y., & Young, B. W. Y. (2004). Evaluation of "point of care" devices in the measurement of low blood glucose in neonatal practice. Archives of Disease in Childhood: Fetal and Neonatal Edition, 89(4). https://doi.org/10.1136/adc.2003.033548
https://doi.org/10.1136/adc.2003.033548
James, P. A., Oparil, S., Carter, B. L., Cushman, W. C., Dennison- Himmelfarb, C., Handler, J., Lackland, D. T., Lefevre, M. L., Mackenzie, T. D., Ogedegbe, O., Smith, S. C., Svetkey, L. P., Taler, S. J., Townsend, R. R., Wright, J. T., Narva, A. S., & Ortiz, ; Eduardo. (2014). 2014 Evidence-Based Guideline for the Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults Report From the Panel Members Appointed to the Eighth Joint National Committee (JNC 8) Clinical Review & Education Special Communication 507. JAMA, 311(5), 507-520. https://doi.org/10.1001/ jama.2013.284427
https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2013.284427
Laux, T. S., Bert, P. J., González, M., Unruh, M., Aragon, A., & Lacourt, C. T. (n.d.). Prevalence of obesity, tobacco use, and alcohol consumption
by socioeconomic status among six communities in Nicaragua. In Rev Panam Salud Publica (Vol. 32, Issue 3, p. 2012).
Laux, T. S., Bert, P. J., González, M., Unruh, M., Aragon, A., & Lacourt, C. T. (2012). Prevalence of Hypertension and Associated Risk Factors
in Six Nicaraguan Communities HHS Public Access. In Ethn Dis (Vol. 22, Issue 2).
MINSA. (2013a). Modelo de Salud Familiar y Comunitario (MOSAFC) | SITEAL. MINSA.
MINSA. (2013b). SituaciondelasPersonasAdultasMayor. MINSA.
PAHO/WHO. (2020). HEARTS in the Americas: Blood Pressure Measurement - PAHO:WHO | Pan American Health Organization. PAHO/
WHO.
Ruilope, L. M., Nunes Filho, A. C. B., Nadruz, W., Rodríguez Rosales, F. F., & Verdejo-Paris, J. (2018). Obesity and hypertension in Latin
América: Current Perspectives. Hipertension y Riesgo Vascular, 35(2), 70-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hipert.2017.12.004
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hipert.2017.12.004
WHO. (2021, August 25). More than 700 million people with untreated hypertension. WHO. https://www.who.int/news/item/25-08-
-more-than-700-million-people-with-untreated-hypertension
Zanchetti, A. (2014). Challenges in hypertension: Prevalence, definition, mechanisms and management. In Journal of Hypertension (Vol.
https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000000116
, Issue 3, pp. 451-453). Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000000116
https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000000116
Zhou, B., Carrillo-Larco, R. M., Danaei, G., Riley, L. M., Paciorek, C. J., Stevens, G. A., Gregg, E. W., Bennett, J. E., Solomon, B., Singleton,
R. K., Sophiea, M. K., Iurilli, M. L. C., Lhoste, V. P. F., Cowan, M. J., Savin, S., Woodward, M., Balanova, Y., Cifkova, R., Damasceno, A., …
Zuñiga Cisneros, J. (2021a). Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a
pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants. The Lancet, 398(10304), 957-980. https://doi.
org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01330-1
Zhou, B., Carrillo-Larco, R. M., Danaei, G., Riley, L. M., Paciorek, C. J., Stevens, G. A., Gregg, E. W., Bennett, J. E., Solomon, B., Singleton,
R. K., Sophiea, M. K., Iurilli, M. L. C., Lhoste, V. P. F., Cowan, M. J., Savin, S., Woodward, M., Balanova, Y., Cifkova, R., Damasceno, A., …
Zuñiga Cisneros, J. (2021b). Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a
pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants. The Lancet, 398(10304), 957-980. https://doi.
org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01330-1
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 National Autonomous University of Nicaragua
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright © Universitas (León), Revista Cientifíca de la UNAN-León. Academic Direction. Research Department. Publication and Scientific Event Unit.
