Diagnóstico de la calidad del agua de consumo en las comunidades del sector rural noreste del municipio de León, Nicaragua

Oscar Danilo González-Quiroz; Javier Rafael Aguirre Rubi; Gema de la Cruz; Aura Lily Orozco Solorzano; Guadalupe Álvarez Estrada; Karen Mercedes  Palacios Sánchez; Octavio Guevara Villavicencio

doi:10.5377/universitas.v1i1.1625

Authors

O.D. González-Quiroz National Autonomous University of Nicaragua, León.Nicaragua https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2775-801X
J.R. Aguirre-Rubi National Autonomous University of Nicaragua, León.Nicaragua https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4310-7855
G.C. Saugar National Autonomous University of Nicaragua, León.Nicaragua https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3613-9357
A.L. Orozco-Solorzano National Autonomous University of Nicaragua, León.Nicaragua https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0048-178X
G.Alvarez-Estrada National Autonomous University of Nicaragua, León.Nicaragua https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1600-7995
K.M. Palacios-Sánchez National Autonomous University of Nicaragua, León.Nicaragua https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0937-897X
O.G. Villavicencio National Autonomous University of Nicaragua, León.Nicaragua https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0737-5065

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5377/universitas.v1i1.1625

Keywords:

Coliforms, Pesticides, Nitrates, Wells

Abstract

It is widely known that one of the main sources of water for human consumption is groundwater, which is currently receiving pollution caused by human beings. The objective of this study was to characterize the quality of water for human consumption in the northeastern rural sector of León. Microbiological analyzes (N=69), physical-chemical analyzes (N=67) and pesticide analyzes (N=48) were performed. In addition, a survey was carried out on the characteristics of the water sources (wells), the use and treatment of their waters. The microbiological analyzes showed that 95.7% of the results do not meet the requirements established in the CAPRE standards. According to the standards of the UNAN-León microbiology laboratory, 97.1% of the samples are contaminated. 18.8% of the wells present physical-chemical contamination and 31.3% of the wells present contamination with pesticides. The main pesticide found was Chlorpyrifos, followed by DDT. Statistical tests significantly associated ( = 0.580, p<0.05) microbial contamination with the type of well. There is a significant degree of association between microbial contamination and the presence of animals near the well. The results suggest that the contamination occurs fundamentally due to the direct introduction of contaminated ropes into the wells

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Author Biographies

O.D. González-Quiroz, National Autonomous University of Nicaragua, León.Nicaragua

Researcher at the Vice-Rectorate for Research and Graduate Studies, National Autonomous University of Nicaragua, León (UNAN-León).

J.R. Aguirre-Rubi, National Autonomous University of Nicaragua, León.Nicaragua

Researcher, Vice-Rectorate of Research and Postgraduate Studies, National Autonomous University of Nicaragua, León (UNAN-León).

G.C. Saugar, National Autonomous University of Nicaragua, León.Nicaragua

Researcher. Water Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences; National Autonomous University of Nicaragua, León (UNAN-León).

A.L. Orozco-Solorzano, National Autonomous University of Nicaragua, León.Nicaragua

Researcher. Water Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences; National Autonomous University of Nicaragua, León (UNAN-León).

G.Alvarez-Estrada, National Autonomous University of Nicaragua, León.Nicaragua

Researcher, Water Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, National Autonomous University of Nicaragua, León (UNAN-León).

K.M. Palacios-Sánchez, National Autonomous University of Nicaragua, León.Nicaragua

Researcher, Water Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, National Autonomous University of Nicaragua, León (UNAN-León).

O.G. Villavicencio, National Autonomous University of Nicaragua, León.Nicaragua

Researcher, Water Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, National Autonomous University of Nicaragua, León (UNAN-León).

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