Use of endophytic isolates of Trichoderma spp., for the biocontrol of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Panama disease) race 1 in vitro banana plants of the cultivar Gros Michel (AAA) under greenhouse conditions
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5377/universitas.v4i1.1676Keywords:
Usarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, Panama disease, GrosMichel (AAA), Endophytic fungi, Biologic control, Trichoderma spp.Abstract
The objective of the present investigation was to select endophytic isolates of Trichoderma spp., for the biocontrol of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 1. The three most pathogenic isolates FOC2, FOC4, FOC8 obtained from the cryobank of the CATIE Phytopathology Laboratory were evaluated in an antibiosis test and subsequently the biocontrol test was carried out with twenty endophytic isolates of Trichoderma spp. And two isolates FOC2 and FOC4 in vitroplants of Gros Michel (AAA) under greenhouse conditions. Using the co-culture technique, twenty Trichoderma spp. isolates inhibited the radial growth of FOC by up to 53.46%. In the biocontrol bioassay, the endophytic isolates of Trichoderma spp., presented a minimum percentage of incidence with 37.5% of the TJ5 treatment, compared to the absolute control that did not present incidence. Likewise, the TC9, TP3 and TCL1 treatments reduced external symptoms from 92% to 90% compared to the reference controls. Internal corm symptoms were reduced up to 74% by the TC9 treatment. Additionally, it was detected that plants protected with endophytic isolates of Trichoderma spp., promoted the vegetative growth of the plant in root and foliage weight.
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