Estrategias efectivas de afrontamiento parental en familias de niños con autismo

Inés Vanessa Pérez Alarcón; Lorna Izarema Rodríguez Monge

doi:10.5377/ul.v16i2.20472

Authors

I. V. Pérez Alarcón National Autonomous University of Nicaragua, Leon. Nicaragua https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8085-2638
L. I Rodríguez-Monge National Autonomous University of Nicaragua, Leon. Nicaragua https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5421-3465

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5377/ul.v16i2.20472

Keywords:

Stress, Parenting, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Behavioral Symptoms, Coping Strategies

Abstract

Introduction: stress in parents of children with autism represents a complex and difficult adaptation process; a situation that leads to feeling overwhelmed by the demands attributed to the care of the child, affecting all psychosocial dimensions. Objective: to analyze the relationship between the child's behavioral symptoms and stress coping strategies in parents of children with autism in an early stimulation center in Nicaragua. Material and methods: analytical study, nested case-control study, with a sample of 300 parents of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Contingency tables were used to compare the variables of interest with the statistical tests of chi-square, OR, with 95% confidence interval. Results: prevalence of stress (61%) was determined. According to the Gilliam Autism Rating Scale - Second Edition (GARS- 2), the symptom of avoiding eye contact was statistically significant (P: 0.000; OR: 3.01). The absence of humor was the coping strategy that duplicated the presence of stress (P: 0.016; OR: 2.243). Conclusions: the application of humor stands out as a relevant coping strategy among parents. Parents employ a variety of coping strategies such as planning, instrumental support, emotional support, self-distraction, behavioral disengagement and positive reinterpretation to favor the preparedness of the nuclear family.

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Author Biographies

I. V. Pérez Alarcón, National Autonomous University of Nicaragua, Leon. Nicaragua

Researcher. Master's Degree in Nursing with a Specialization in Teaching, Faculty of Medical Sciences, National Autonomous University of Nicaragua-Managua. Bachelor's Degree in Nursing Science, National Autonomous University of Nicaragua-León.

L. I Rodríguez-Monge, National Autonomous University of Nicaragua, Leon. Nicaragua

Researcher. Bachelor’s Degree in Nursing with a specialization in Maternal and Child Health. Lecturer in the specific area of Nursing.

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