Excreción Urinaria de Yodo estimada mediante el cociente yodo/creatinina a partir de muestras de orina al azar en mujeres embarazadas Nicaragüenses

Nelvar Lenin  Zapata Antón; Aura Rufina Funes Ríos

doi:10.5377/ul.v17i1.22016

Authors

N. L. Zapata-Anton National Autonomous University of Nicaragua, León. Nicaragua https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3715-2077
A. R. Funes-Ríos National Autonomous University of Nicaragua, Leon https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5806-3579

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5377/ul.v17i1.22016

Keywords:

Iodine deficiency, Iodine, Iodine/creatinine index, Thyroid function

Abstract

Iodine is a fundamental component for the synthesis of Thyroid hormones. During pregnancy, there is an increasing demand for all nutritional requirements due to the increased metabolic rate necessary for embryonic development, such that iodine requirements during pregnancy increase to values of 150 to 250 µg/day. An intake below normal values of iodine can cause alterations in thyroid function, affecting the development of the fetus, as well as the neurological development of the baby. The present study focused on the evaluation of urinary iodine excretion using the iodine/creatinine ratio in pregnant women. 81 participants were analyzed, with clinical-epidemiological characteristics, urinary iodine concentrations and the adjustment of iodine excretion per gram of urinary creatinine. The study population was of urban origin (64.6%), with an average age of 24 years, homemakers, multiparous with an average of 21 weeks of gestation, the majority did not report any pathological history. A 44.4% iodine sufficiency was found, and 5%, more than sufficient iodine excretions, the median iodine levels were 143.7 µg/L, when the iodine levels are adjusted by creatinine the median iodine levels were 124 µg/g, an increase in the percentages of more than sufficient iodine excretions could be observed up to 18.5%.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

N. L. Zapata-Anton, National Autonomous University of Nicaragua, León. Nicaragua

Researcher, Department of Basic Sciences, Area of Knowledge in Medical Sciences

Researcher, Center for Health Sciences Research, Research Department, Academic Directorate, UNAN-León

References

Bath, S. C. (2019). The effect of iodine deficiency during pregnancy on child development. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 78(02), 150-160. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0029665118002835

Bottaro, S., Gómez, F., Franciulli, A., Capano, E., Rodríguez, S., Rufo, C., Castiglioni, P., Tomasso, G., & Coppola, F. (2016). Evaluación del estado nutricional de yodo en una población de embarazadas. 7.

Brough, L., Jin, Y., Shukri, N. H., Wharemate, Z. R., Weber, J. L., & Coad, J. (2013). Iodine intake and status during pregnancy and lactation before and after government initiatives to improve iodine status, in Palmerston North, New Zealand: A pilot study. Maternal & Child Nutrition, 11(4), 646-655. https://doi.org/10.1111/mcn.12055

Brucker-Davis, F., Ferrari, P., Gal, J., Berthier, F., Fenichel, P., & Hieronimus, S. (2012). Iodine Status Has No Impact on Thyroid Function in Early Healthy Pregnancy. Journal of Thyroid Research, 2012, 168764. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/168764

Cannas, A., Rayman, M. P., Kolokotroni, O., & Bath, S. C. (2022). Iodine status of pregnant women from the Republic of Cyprus. The British Journal of Nutrition, 129(1), 126-134. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114522000617

Censi, S., Watutantrige-Fernando, S., Groccia, G., Manso, J., Plebani, M., Faggian, D., Mion, M. M., Venturini, R., Andrisani, A., Casaro, A., Vita, P., Avogadro, A., Camilot, M., Scaroni, C., Bertazza, L., Barollo, S., & Mian, C. (2019). The Effects of Iodine Supplementation in Pregnancy on Iodine Status, Thyroglobulin Levels and Thyroid Function Parameters: Results from a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial in a Mild-to-Moderate Iodine Deficiency Area. Nutrients, 11(11), 2639. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11112639

Chan, S. Y., Vasilopoulou, E., & Kilby, M. D. (2009). The role of the placenta in thyroid hormone delivery to the fetus. Nature Clinical Practice. Endocrinology & Metabolism, 5(1), 45-54. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncpendmet1026

Chen, W., Li, X., Guo, X., Shen, J., Tan, L., Lin, L., Wu, Y., Wang, W., Wang, W., Bian, J., & Zhang, W. (2017). Urinary iodine excretion (UIE) estimated by iodine/creatinine ratio from spot urine in Chinese school-age children. Clinical Endocrinology, 86(4), 628-633. https://doi.org/10.1111/cen.13282

Corcino, C. M., Berbara, T. M. B. L., Saraiva, D. A., Morais, N. A. de O. E. S. de, Schtscherbyna, A., Gertrudes, L. N., Teixeira, P. de F. D. S., & Vaisman, M. (2019). Variation of iodine status during pregnancy and its associations with thyroid function in women from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Public Health Nutrition, 22(7), 1232-1240. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980019000399

Delshad, H., & Azizi, F. (2021). Mild to moderate iodine deficiency in pregnancy: A matter of debate. Archive of Food and Nutritional Science, 5(1), 018-026. https://doi.org/10.29328/journal.afns.1001028

Espada Sáenz-Torre, M. (2008). La medición de yodo en la orina: Revisión de las técnicas. Endocrinología y Nutrición, 55, 37-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1575-0922(08)76245-4

Fúnez Ríos, A. (2017). El hipotiroidismo congénito en Nicaragua: Evaluación del programa de cribado neonatal de la enfermedad (2005-2015), su etiología genética y la influencia ambiental por deficiencia de yodo [DoctoralThesis]. https://repositorio.uam.es/handle/10486/681807

Herrera-Murgueitio, J. A., Forero-Torres, A. Y., Tamara-Burgos, M. A., Arriola-Salgado, M. M., Gómez-Porras, E. J., Céspedes-Gaitán, S. X., Umaña-Bautista, E. J., Herrera-Murgueitio, D., Torres-Muñoz, J., Galvis-Serrano, A. M., & Nieto-Díaz, A. (2021). Prevalencia de bocio y yodo-deficiencia en embarazadas indígenas de cinco áreas no metropolitanas de Colombia 2019. Revista Colombiana de Obstetricia y Ginecología, 72(1), 12-23. https://doi.org/10.18597/rcog.3549

Katko, M., Gazso, A. A., Hircsu, I., Bhattoa, H. P., Molnar, Z., Kovacs, B., Andrasi, D., Aranyosi, J., Makai, R., Veress, L., Torok, O., Bodor, M., Samson, L., & Nagy, E. V. (2017). Thyroglobulin level at week 16 of pregnancy is superior to urinary iodine concentration in revealing preconceptual and first trimester iodine supply. Maternal & Child Nutrition, 14(1), e12470. https://doi.org/10.1111/mcn.12470

Li, C., Peng, S., Zhang, X., Xie, X., Wang, D., Mao, J., Teng, X., Shan, Z., & Teng, W. (2016). The Urine Iodine to Creatinine as an Optimal Index of Iodine During Pregnancy in an Iodine Adequate Area in China. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 101(3), 1290-1298. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2015-3519

Ministerio de Salud (MINSA). (2021). Normativa 194. Guía de Micronutrientes (Guía Informativa 1; 1, p. 45). https://doi.org/10.26633/RPSP.2021.138

Nazeri, P., Shab-Bidar, S., Pearce, E. N., & Shariat, M. (2020). Thyroglobulin Concentration and Maternal Iodine Status During Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Thyroid, 30(5), 767-779. https://doi.org/10.1089/thy.2019.0712

Pretell Zárate, E. A., & Higa Yamashiro, A. M. (2008). Eliminación sostenida de los desórdenes por deficiencia de yodo en Perú: 25 años de experiencia. Acta Médica Peruana, 25(3), 128-134.

Thiriez, S. M. (2015). Situación nutricional de yodo, presencia de bocio y función tiroidea en una población de mujeres embarazadas en la ciudad de Bogotá (COLOMBIA). 15.

Wang, K., Zhang, J., Li, F., Zhang, W., Wang, H., Ding, L., Liu, Y., Lin, L., Zhang, S., & Zhu, M. (2017). Urinary iodine in early pregnancy is associated with subclinical hypothyroidism in Tianjin, China: An observational study. BMC Endocrine Disorders, 17(1), 10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12902-017-0162-x

Wei, Z., Wang, W., Zhang, J., Zhang, X., Jin, L., & Yu, X. (2015). Urinary iodine level and its determinants in pregnant women of Shanghai, China. The British Journal of Nutrition, 113(9), 1427-1432. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114515000665