Ibero-American Journal of Bioeconomics and Climate Change

Effect of different cover crops (Vigna radiata, Mucuna pruriens1, Mucuna pruriens2, rice husk) on weed dynamics

2024-09-26T17:54:11+00:00

Background: Weeds are plants that can be found in any area and can harm the crops. However, there are ground covers, which also prevent the development of these unwanted plants. Therefore, this study was conducted
to determine the effect of four ground covers and a control on the dynamics of weeds. Methodology: A randomized complete block design was implemented to evaluate the cover crops Vigna radiata, Mucuna pruriens1, Mucuna pruriens2, rice husk and a control on the variables abundance, richness, diversity, frequency, percentage of cover, seed bank and type of weed leaf. Results: The rice husk cover presented a better management of weeds with respect to abundance with an average of 105 individuals,
diversity with a percentage of 1.15%; and richness with 3.63 species, the Vigna radiata treatment obtained the lowest percentage of weed cover with 54. 67% and the Mucuna pruriens2 treatment had the lowest coverage in the
seed bank after the end of the trial, going from 50% to 20%, the most frequent species was Tithonia rotundifolia with 75.56% present mainly in the control area. Conclusion: The implementation of these covers guarantees adequate
management of weed dynamics with a significant difference from the weed´s first stage until some time after the end of the period, depending on the type of cover.

Characterization of burned areas in the department of San Vicente through the application of the NBR spectral index as a strategy to strengthen resilience

2025-03-15T02:42:35+00:00

Background: There is a growing interest in identifying, monitoring and evaluating the impact of agricultural and forest fires due to social, environmental and economic impacts. Methodology: This article addresses the characterization of the burned areas in the districts of the department of San Vicente, El Salvador Central America, using multispectral images for atmospheric and geocolor penetration with Sentinel 2, as well as the application of the NBR index for the identification and validation of the burned areas during the period from January 1 to April 15, 2024. Results: it was possible to determine that NBR values close to 0 show areas without vegetation, mainly plots in preparation prior to planting, values of -0.27 show recently burned areas and NBR values of -0.75 to -0.80 indicate hot
spots or fires that were registered at the time. Conclusion: it was possible to determine the fires attended in the district of San Esteban Catarina with an area of 2.56 km²
and in the district of Apastepeque, with an area of 3.7
km² and heat points of 0.07 km²among other areas, mainly in protected natural areas. In this way, a baseline is generated as a tool for community resilience and decision-making by key institutional actors, allowing work to
strengthen governance, risk reduction, adaptability, community participation and emergency preparedness and response as key axes of resilience.

Contribution of academic events to sustainable agriculture

2025-04-28T16:03:45+00:00

Background: Sustainability is a central issue for higher education institutions. Few studies have provided information on how academic events address sustainability both in their organization and in the impact they seek. Objetive: Therefore, this study aimed to explore the contribution of academic events to agricultural sustainability in Mexico through the analysis of scientific documents from the SCOPUS database from 2000 to 2024 and semi-structured interviews with experts. Methodology: A scientific mapping was conducted using VOSviewer, along with a frequency analysis in the R statistical package, on 132 articles sourced from the Scopus database. A qualitative content analysis was carried out through interviews with 7 experts in the organization of academic events. The data were organized into meaning units, assigned codes, and grouped into categories. Subsequently, themes reflecting meanings related to academic events and sustainability were abstracted. Results: It was found that the diversity of participants in academic events promotes the dissemination and adoption of sustainable practices. Hybrid events and waste reduction are tools for reducing environmental impact. Challenges remain in translating theoretical sustainability concepts into concrete actions. Conclusion: It is concluded that the contribution of academic events to sustainability is substantially based on the diversity of participants, the promotion and dissemination of its importance, the development of community approaches, and local participation.